Umoya ungumthombo wamandla omusha othembisayo, osukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18
Isiphepho esinamandla sahlasela eNgilandi naseFrance, sacekela phansi imishini yomoya engu-400, izindlu ezingu-800, amasonto ayikhulu nezikebhe zikaseyili ezingaphezu kuka-400.Izinkulungwane zabantu zilimale futhi izihlahla ezinkulu ezingu-250000 zasishulwa.Ngokuqondene nendaba yokusiphula izihlahla kuphela, umoya wakhipha amandla amahhashi ayizigidi eziyi-10 (okungukuthi ama-kilowatt ayizigidi ezingu-7,5; ihhashi elilodwa lilingana nama-kilowatts angu-0,75) ngemizuzwana embalwa nje!Abanye abantu balinganisela ukuthi izinsiza zomoya ezitholakalayo zokukhiqiza amandla kagesi Emhlabeni zingama-kilowatts ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-10, cishe izikhathi eziyi-10 ukuphehlwa kwamandla kagesi ngamanzi emhlabeni wamanje.Njengamanje, amandla atholakala ekushisweni kwamalahle emhlabeni wonke unyaka nonyaka ayingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yamandla anikezwa amandla omoya phakathi nonyaka.Ngakho-ke, kokubili ngaphakathi nangaphandle kubeka ukubaluleka okukhulu ekusebenziseni amandla omoya ukukhiqiza ugesi kanye nokuthuthukisa imithombo yamandla emisha.
Umzamo wokusebenzisa amandla omoya waqala ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.Ngawo-1930s, iDenmark, iSweden, iSoviet Union, kanye ne-United States basebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-rotor obuvela embonini yezindiza ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngempumelelo izitshalo ezincane zamandla omoya.Lolu hlobo lwe-turbine encane yomoya lusetshenziswa kakhulu eziqhingini ezinomoya nasezindaweni ezikude, futhi izindleko zalo zamandla ziphansi kakhulu kunezindleko zikagesi ngomthombo wezinjini ezincane zangaphakathi.Nokho, ukuphehlwa kukagesi ngaleso sikhathi kwakuphansi, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwama-kilowatts ama-5.
Sikhiqize ama-kilowatts angu-15, 40, 45100225 wama-wind turbines.NgoJanuwari 1978, i-United States yakha i-turbine yomoya engu-200 kilowatt e-Clayton, eNew Mexico, enobubanzi be-blade obungamamitha angu-38 namandla anele okukhiqiza ugesi ezindlini ezingu-60.Ekuqaleni kwehlobo lika-1978, idivayisi yokukhiqiza amandla omoya yaqala ukusebenza ogwini olusentshonalanga yeJutland, eDenmark, yakhiqiza ugesi ongu-2000 kilowatts.Umshini wokugaya umoya wawungamamitha angu-57 ukuphakama.U-75% kagesi ophehliwe wathunyelwa ku-grid kagesi, kanti oseleyo wanikezwa esikoleni esiseduze.
Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-1979, i-United States yakha isigayo somoya esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni sokuphehla ugesi ezintabeni zaseBlue Ridge eNyakatho Carolina.Lo mshini wokugaya umoya unezitezi eziyishumi ubude, futhi ububanzi bezinsimbi zawo zingamamitha angu-60;Ama-blades afakwe esakhiweni esimise okombhoshongo, ngakho-ke i-windmill ingajikeleza ngokukhululekile futhi ithole ugesi kunoma iyiphi indlela;Uma isivinini somoya singaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-38 ngehora, amandla okukhiqiza amandla angafinyelela ku-2000 kilowatts.Ngenxa yesivinini somoya esivamile esingamakhilomitha angu-29 kuphela ngehora kule ndawo enamagquma, umshini wokugaya umoya awukwazi ukunyakaza ngokugcwele.Kulinganiselwa ukuthi noma ngabe isebenza isigamu sonyaka kuphela, ingahlangabezana no-1% kuya ku-2% wezidingo zikagesi ezifundeni eziyisikhombisa zaseNorth Carolina.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-06-2023
